Purchase of this book includes free trial access to www.million-books.com where you can read more than a million books for free. This is an OCR edition with typos. Excerpt from book: THE HELLENISTIC OR ALEXANDRIAN CONQUESTS AND KINGDOMS, 338-146 B. C. The general results of the work on pp. 119-127 may be summarized as follows : -- THE HELLENISTIC OR ALEXANDRIAN CONQUESTS AND KINGDOMS. Organizations formed. Military monarchies or despotisms, supported by standing armies. Results of Conquests and the Foundation of the New Kingdoms. Development of trade. New trade-routes opened to the East: Canal from Nile to Red Sea. Trading posts in Indian Ocean. Foundation of new trade-centres: Alexandria. Antioch. Seleucia (near Babylon). Pergamos. Development of art, science, and literature, in new directions, with Alexandria, Antioch, and Pergamos, as centres. Natural science, especially medicine. astronomy, physics. Poetry, -- pastoral and elegiac. Drama, -- new comedy. Spread of Greek language, in Egypt, Macedon, Syria, Asie Minor, and eastward toward India. Character of Civilization (Hellenistic) affected by previous Egyptian and Oriental culture. Dependent on courts for development and support. Practical in its tendencies, seen in new schools of ethics, -- Epicureanism. Stoicism, new forms of literature, -- new comedy. pastoral and) poetry elegiac new directions of thought, -- scientific. It should be distinctly felt that the conquests of Alexander owe their importance to the fact that they were the conquests of Hellenism ; by Hellenism, meaning the spirit of Hellenic culture, rather than its body. For it will be seen that the Alexandrian art, poetry, thought, and activity, ran after all in new channels, determined by the contact of the versatile Hellenic mind with new circumstances and with old, firmly-fixed civilizations, f... --This text refers to the Paperback edition.