PREFACE TO THE EIGHTH EDITIONlyj the preface to the sixth edition, 1915, was the statement " It may not be too much to say that the development of international law within the period since the call for the first Peace Conference at The Hague in 1898 has been greater than during the two hundred and fifty years preceding, from the Peace of Westphalia in 1648 to the call for the Hague Conference in ISOcS." Since 1914 the principles thought to be generally accepted have been tested by war of unparalleled magnitude and by the resulting unsettled international relations. During the period of the war the assertion "International Law is dead" was frequently heard, but the issue of the war showed the fallacy of acting upon such a belief. Many of the differences between states still remained to be settled, hut the evidence is convincing that they must ultimately be settled in accordance with law and justice.This edition shows that, to a degree unexpected during the strain of war, late deTable of Contents CONTENTS; BIBLIOGRAPHY; ABBREVIATIONS OF CITATIONS TABLE OF CASES CITED; PACE XV; xvii zix; PART I GENERAL AND HISTORICAL; CHAPTER I; DEFINITION AND GENERAL SCOPE3; 1 Definition; 2 Divisions; 3 Scope; CHAPTER II; NATURE OF INTERNATIONAL LAW7; 4 Early Terminology-; 5 Historical Pasrs G Ethical I Uses; 7 J dual Bases; 8 International Law and Statute Law; 9 International Law and Law in General; CHAPTER in; HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT15; 10 Early Period; 11 Middle Pemod; 12 Modern Period from 104S; 13 Influence of the United States; 14 Writers; CHAPTER IV; SOURCES OF INTERNATIONAL LAW39; 15 Practice and Usage; 16 Decisions and Precedents; 17 Treaties and State Papers IS Text Writers; 19 Diplomatic Papers; CONTENTS; PART II; PERSONS IN INTERNATIONAL LAW; CHAPTER V; STATES; 47; 20 21; 22; Definition of a State Conditions of State Existence Recognition op New States; CHAPTER VI; LEGAL PERSONS HAVING QUALIFIED