The clearance of land contaminated by antipersonnel mines, has been required in the majority of countries emerging from internal or international armed conflict in the past few decades. This new report analyzes the effectiveness of twenty conflicts in which obligations to the former combatants to undertake mine action, have been included within ceasefire agreement or the peace accord. Although guidelines for the provision of mine action in peace processes have been developed by the United Nations, few of their suggested obligations are found within peace agreements concluded in the past 3 decades. This report finds that a halt in mine use by belligerents remains dependent on a genuine halt in armed conflict, not agreements. This report has also found that inclusion of mine action within bi-lateral agreements at the end of a war has had some value in launching mine action after conflict, but that comprehensive programs to address mine contamination, and its impact on human societies, remain dependent on the United Nations rather than former combatants.