On the butterflies of the Soutpansberg Mountains (South Africa) (Lepidoptera). This paper deals with the butterfly fauna of the Soutpansberg Mountains. Totally 164 species are listed with faunistical references and collecting information. A new subgenus, Azanisis is established in the family Lycaenidae. Papilio (Princeps) dardanus ssp. tibullus Kirby is recorded as new to South Africa. Pyralidae arastirmalari hakkinda (Lepidoptera) [About the studies on the Pyralidae (Lepidoptera)]. This short note deals with the nomenclature of some Pyralidae taxa from Turkey and South Africa. In the Phycitinae subfamily, Iangaigheria, new genus name for Joannisia Balinsky,1994 is proposed here, as it is junior homonym of Joannisia Kieffer,1895 (Diptera) and Joannisia Dall,1895 (Mollusca). This genus is represented in Africa. In the Crambinae subfamily, Agriphila melike, new species name for Agriphila asiatica Ganev & Hacker,1984, as it is junior primary homonym of Agriphila deliella ssp. asiatica Bleszynski,1965 from Afghanistan. Agriphila melike inhabits in South Turkey. Taxonomical status of the South African specific name Macalla confusa Janse,1922 is discussed. Denticera Amsel,1961 is introduced as junior subjective synonym of Nephopterix Hubner,[1825]. Denticera sardzeella Amsel,1961 is also placed as junior subjective synonym of Nephopterix divisella (Duponchel,1842). Faunistically three Pyralid species group taxa, omitted in the Australian fauna, are mentioned.